Egyptian Astronomy
Egyptian astronomy begins in prehistoric times, in the Predynastic Period. In the 5th millennium BCE, the stone circles at Nabta Playa made use of astronomical alignments. By the time the historical Dynastic Period began in the 3rd millennium BCE, the 365 day period of the Egyptian calendar was already in use, and the observation of stars was important in determining the annual flooding of the Nile. The Egyptian pyramids were carefully aligned towards the pole star, and the temple of Amun-Re at Karnak was aligned on the rising of the midwinter sun. Astronomy played a considerable part in fixing the dates of religious festivals and determining the hours of the night, and temple astrologers were especially adept at watching the stars and observing the conjunctions, phases, and risings of the Sun, Moon and planets.
For much of Egyptian history, the months were not referred to by individual names, but were rather numbered within the three seasons. As early as the Middle Kingdom, however, each month had its own name. These finally evolved into the New Kingdom months, which in turn gave rise to the Hellenized names that were used for chronology by Ptolemy in his Almagest, and by others.
In Ptolemaic Egypt, the Egyptian tradition merged with Greek astronomy and Babylonian astronomy, with the city of Alexandria in Lower Egypt becoming the centre of scientific activity across the Hellenistic world. Roman Egypt produced the greatest astronomer of the era, Ptolemy (90-168 CE). His works on astronomy, including the Almagest, became the most influential books in the history of Western astronomy. Following the Muslim conquest of Egypt, the region came to be dominated by Arabic culture and Islamic astronomy.
The astronomer Ibn Yunus (c. 950-1009) observed the sun’s position for many years using a large astrolabe, and his observations on eclipses were still used centuries later. In 1006, Ali ibn Ridwan observed the SN 1006, a supernova regarded as the brightest steller event in recorded history, and left the most detailed description of it. In the 14th century, Najm al-Din al-Misri wrote a treatise describing over 100 different types of scientific and astronomical instruments, many of which he invented himself. In the 20th century, Farouk El-Baz from Egypt worked for NASA and was involved in the first Moon landings with the Apollo program, where he assisted in the planning of scientific explorations of the Moon.
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Luxor Amun Rising – Game
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Luxor [Download] $6.99 Luxor is an action-puzzle game that takes you on a thrilling adventure across the lands of Ancient Egypt. Battle Set and his evil minions across 88 mind-blowing levels, unleashing the awesome powers of Isis with various falling power-up talismans, such as explosive Fireballs and thundering Lightning Bolts. Filled with excitement, adventure, and tons of explosive action, there is only one question … |
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Luxor: Amun Rising [Download] $6.99 Glory and adventure await as you return to save ancient Egypt from certain doom! In the next episode of the smash Luxor series, you must defeat the princes of Megiddo before they overthrow the pharaoh and plunge the two lands into chaos! The challenge will not be easy as you battle through 88 all-new levels and use your mystical winged scarab to destroy the approaching colored spheres. Stop them a… |
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Luxor: The King’s Collection $3.98 Wielding the mystical winged-scarab in Luxor, Luxor Amun Rising, and Luxor 2, you must battle it out, shooting your magical colored spheres. Stop them before it’s too late! In Luxor Mahjong you must uncover the Ankh Keys of Life to rise from Farmhand to Pharaoh. Your destiny awaits. In this unprecedented compilation, you’re challenged to conquer four of the hit action-puzzle games that helped L… |
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Luxor Amun Rising Mac $3.95 Luxor is back!Product InformationGlory and Adventure await as you return to save Ancient Egypt from certain doomin Luxor: Amun Rising the sequel to the runaway hit action-puzzle game. Thistime you must defeat the rebellious Princes of Megiddo before they overthrowthe Pharaoh and plunge the Two Lands into chaos! Once again the challenge willnot be an easy one as you battle through 88 awesome all-ne… |